What did Chappelle say wrong?

Welcome to part two of our analysis of what Dave Chappelle gets wrong about trans people in comedy. We’re delving into the key points raised in the original article to understand its critiques from multiple perspectives.  It will be quite long.  Feel free to skip to the next article and video if you want just the conclusions.

First, a significant portion of the critique focuses on a specific joke Chappelle tells. The article claims that Chappelle blatantly misgenders Daphne and follows with, “As hard as it is to hear a joke like that, I’m telling you right now Daphne would have loved that joke.” Let’s look at the actual transcript for clarity:

Chappelle says: (Context—we’re talking about Daphne, who killed herself.) “I was very angry at her… She always said she identified as a woman. One day, she goes up to the roof of her building, jumps off, and kills herself. Clearly, only a man would do some gangster [__] like that. Hear me out—as hard as it is to hear a joke like that, I’m telling you right now Daphne would have loved that joke. That’s why she was my friend.”

What exactly is the issue with this joke?

First, it’s undeniably shocking. Chappelle’s style often uses shock value to make a point—that’s a defining aspect of his comedy. Here, however, the punchline involves misgendering Daphne in the context of her suicide. Supporters of transgender rights highlight that intentionally using the wrong pronouns is disrespectful because it disregards someone’s gender identity and requested pronouns.

The joke implies that Daphne’s action—jumping off a building—was masculine behavior. This frames a broader question Chappelle is exploring: Is there an inherent difference between trans and cisgender individuals? His comedy, in part, invites the audience to consider whether such distinctions are meaningful. He doesn’t offer a definitive answer, but he uses provocative humor to prompt reflection.

Now, is it acceptable to raise these questions using humor that involves misgendering? In everyday conversation, respecting pronouns is fundamental. However, comedy and art often challenge norms to make important points. Could Chappelle have made his point differently? Possibly. But removing the provocative nature of the joke might dilute its impact.

Next, the article states, “Trans people have expressed outrage at both Chappelle and Netflix for amplifying overtly transphobic and anti-scientific views about gender and trans identity.”

What do “anti-scientific” views mean in this context? Typically, it refers to denying the fluidity of gender identity and asserting that gender is solely determined by biological sex. Trans rights advocates argue that scientific understanding recognizes gender as more complex, involving both biology and personal identity.

The article does not present specific examples of transphobic rhetoric from Chappelle—it simply notes the outrage. While Netflix’s co-CEO, Ted Sarandos, initially defended the special by saying it wouldn’t cause real-world harm, he later retracted the statement. The critique conflates Sarandos’s position with Chappelle’s views, which isn’t entirely fair. Chappelle’s issues with Netflix are well-documented, so using Sarandos’s comments to criticize Chappelle’s intent is problematic.

The article further claims, “There’s no getting around the reality that transphobic rhetoric like Chappelle’s absolutely contributes to real-life harm.” However, there are logical gaps here:

  1. The assumption that Chappelle’s rhetoric is transphobic remains unsubstantiated. The jokes may be offensive to some, but intent matters in determining whether something is phobic.
  2. The assertion that his jokes cause harm lacks supporting evidence or a clear causal link.

Finally, the claim that Chappelle views trans people’s pain as an acceptable trade-off is based on inference rather than direct statements from him. The analysis here draws conclusions about Chappelle’s beliefs without adequate proof.

A deeper, more compassionate approach to this debate would benefit from clear definitions of harmful rhetoric, examples of respectful alternatives, and a dialogue about balancing free expression with sensitivity. Asking hard questions requires space to express ideas imperfectly before refining them into respectful discourse. While the need for kindness and respect is vital, the article falls short of clarifying exactly what rhetoric must change and why. Constructive engagement, rather than vague outrage, would better serve the discussion.

Here, the deeper level of listening—compassionate listening—involves trying to identify what the underlying needs are. If we can start discussing what these needs truly represent, we may find pathways to resolve the conflicts at hand.

I think, in the end, we’ll need to compile a list of all the questions and needs that we do understand, as well as those we do not, along with any unanswered questions that require further exploration. Perhaps someone will be able to help answer these questions.

Romano claims that Chappelle wants to turn classes of oppression into a zero-sum game. The concept of a zero-sum game is one in which one side gains only at the expense of another’s loss. In this context, it’s argued that Chappelle pits Black rights against trans rights, suggesting that supporting trans rights comes at the cost of Black rights, with an apparent implication that trans rights are gaining while Black rights are in decline.

However, the argument that identity works this way is flawed. Identity is not a competition; individual rights are not diminished by recognizing the rights of others. Even if one could question some of Chappelle’s framing, his actual position is more nuanced. He has stated, and I paraphrase, that he does not oppose trans people but rather envies their progress. He asks, with curiosity, how the Black community could emulate the gains made by the trans community.

This framing is far from a zero-sum perspective. If anything, it’s an aspiration for collective uplift, not a desire to diminish one group to elevate another.

Romano’s critique further claims that Chappelle’s hypocrisy is evident in his discussions about queer and trans individuals benefiting from white privilege. Hypocrisy implies advocating for a principle while failing to uphold it personally. However, nothing in Chappelle’s discourse suggests that he is guilty of such behavior. This accusation appears more as a rhetorical device to undermine credibility rather than a substantiated logical point.

It is fair to note, and in this case Romano does make a good point –  that Chappelle frequently discusses white privilege in relation to queer and trans individuals while not adequately acknowledging Black queer and trans voices. There is statistical data indicating that trans issues disproportionately affect Black Americans. In this sense, his omission does weaken his analysis, although it does not carry malicious intent.

Romano continues, accusing Chappelle of reducing the equality movement among sexual and gender minorities to “shrill window dressing.” The language here is hyperbolic. Chappelle does question certain aspects of gender politics, particularly their prominence in white progressive spaces, but he does not outright deny the validity of trans rights. His core argument is about maintaining focus on systemic racism affecting Black communities.

The critique of Chappelle’s praise for Daphne Dorman also misses the mark. Romano claims that Chappelle only accepted Dorman on his terms. However, the discussion here hinges on the multiple meanings of the word “accept.” Chappelle’s acceptance was one of human connection—believing in her experience—rather than a philosophical agreement about pronoun usage. This distinction matters, as it reflects differing ways of navigating personal relationships and social identity.

Language and free speech, topics central to “cancel culture,” represent genuine needs for clarity and freedom of expression. The insistence on patience and respect when grappling with complex issues of identity is critical. Reactionary politics are often criticized pejoratively, but by definition, they are responses to cultural shifts rather than visionary frameworks. The use of “reactionary” to describe Chappelle’s material frames his work negatively without exploring its full intent.

True dialogue requires avoiding disrespect, demands, and aggression. These destroy relationships and preclude connection. In addressing societal divides, respecting the importance of every person’s expressed needs—whether or not they are fully understood—remains paramount. The ultimate goal should be reconciliation grounded in love, respect, and deeper understanding.

(Well this writing is really hard work – i am going to leave the rest as more a less a transcript of my video as I don’t have the time or energy to do a better job.  Hope you don’t mind…)

“Chappelle makes it clear that he needs Dorman to exist on his terms, not hers—not as a trans woman with autonomy, but as a trans woman who’s proven she deserves autonomy by way of having a chill, laid-back sense of humor. Furthermore, in repeatedly reducing Dorman’s existence to her body parts and her relationship to them, and the language surrounding them, Chappelle dehumanizes her and dehumanizes other trans people.”

Okay, terrible, bad, bad, bad. But logically, what’s going on here? The first thing is that Chappelle makes it clear that he needs Dorman to exist on his terms, not hers. This is based on the mistake in the word “accept.” He points out that he accepted her explicitly because she didn’t say anything about pronouns that would make him feel like he was about to be in trouble for saying something wrong, implying that he would not accept her as a person if she did say anything about pronouns or make him feel like he was in trouble for saying something wrong. But that is not at all what he says. Chappelle does not make it clear that Dorman needs to exist on his terms, not hers. He makes it clear that he loves her because she connected with him in a way that made him respect her.

“Furthermore, in repeatedly reducing Dorman’s existence to her body parts and her relationship to them, and the language surrounding them, Chappelle dehumanizes her and dehumanizes other trans people.”  Did you actually watch this Closer? Did you actually read the transcript? It doesn’t even make sense. “He reduces her to her body parts”—he barely talks about her body parts. Let’s see what he says.

Now I’ve lost where we are because I was looking for that other thing. By the way, there is one really shocking thing that he says in this. I looked through the transcript and tried to find anything that I thought was in bad taste, and it was his idea for a movie called “Space Jews.” It’s really funny, but it’s disrespectful to Jewish people, not to trans people. If the Jews started complaining, I would say that there was something worth listening to here. But he treats trans people with much more respect.

“Okay, moving on. One of the coolest people I ever met was a transgender woman. This was not a man that I knew who became a woman. This woman was trans when I met her. She lived in San Francisco. Dorman is the name—it’s written “Dwan” here, but I’m sure it’s not. I’m pretty sure it’s Dorman. Anyway, she would be there, a white trans woman, laughing loud and hard at everything I said, especially the trans jokes. Very puzzling, because she was obviously trans. It turns out she dreamed of being a comedian, and I was her hero. It was very moving. We became fast friends. Then, he invited her to do a show with him. He calls up, “Hey, Dey, this is Dave Chappelle. I’m in San Francisco,” and she starts saying a bunch of wild stuff. I was like, “Relax, now. I don’t want any pussy. I’m just calling ’cause I’m doing a show and I need an opening act. I was wondering if you’d open the show.” She was like, “[_] yeah.”

We’re not talking about her body parts. I mean, there was a little comment of pussy, but in the context of “that’s not what I’m looking for, I’m interested in you as a comedian.” He says here, “She was dressed to the nines.” I mean, I’m transphobic and even I was like, “You looked nice.” Not that when he says “I’m transphobic,” what he means is that he feels uncomfortable around trans people, not that he’s against them. Later on, she tries to hug him, and he pushes her away because he’s like, “This is awkward.” Phobic in the sense of a fear, not of anger—fear, an awkwardness. This just doesn’t make him comfortable. Then he talks about the way she heard comedy, how bad it was, and then how she came back and was actually really funny.

There is some comedy that she made about her body parts, but that was because of the audience making comments, and she managed to reduce the tension with a joke about it. He’s not talking about their body parts. There is no reality here; this is just going away from the truth to make something up in order to say that Chappelle did something bad.

Okay, can I be compassionate here? It’s a bit hard. You know, when you’re triggered, it’s hard to be compassionate. This triggers me because this is really disrespectful, offensive rhetoric. This is hurting people almost on purpose—lying about them. Maybe it’s not on purpose. Maybe there’s something that goes on in the mind that starts to twist the facts into your argument because you’re upset. And this is actually how people’s minds work. They’re not very logical. We’re actually not very good at logic. Much better at emotion and creative expression than we are at logic—unless we are able to be very, very calm and rational, and that’s not always a good thing, but it’s useful to be able to do it when we need to.

Okay, so what are the needs here? There’s a need to be treated with respect as a person, as a trans woman or trans man, with autonomy, without having to be something, without having to have a particular sense of humor, particular way of being, and also to treat them as people—not to dehumanize them and talk about their body parts as the important part of them. And so they’re wanting to be treated as people. It’s a request for trans people to be treated as people respectfully. This is a good, deserved request. It’s important to be treated respectfully as people.

“Dorman’s fate—she died by suicide shortly after the release of “Sticks and Stones” in 2019—directly undermines Chappelle’s logic because Dorman was trans. She was at an extremely high risk of dying by suicide or transphobic violence. Any way you look at it, trans people are among the most vulnerable populations in society. Goes on with all of this proof that trans people are vulnerable: 50% of trans people will experience sexual assault or abuse, 54% experience intimate partner violence, and trans people of color are six times more likely to experience police brutality than whites as gendered people.”

 Okay, blah, blah, blah… This is proof that it’s important to look after trans people because they’re very vulnerable, and she was at a high risk of dying by suicide or transphobic violence.

Anyway, okay, 

“this is what Chappelle’s critics mean when they discuss the real-world impact of Chappelle’s transphobia. His comedy, which involves continually insisting against science that gender is always tied to biology, isn’t just reactionary semantics; it’s dangerous rhetoric that has been shown in study after study to directly impact the levels of anti-trans violence and societal prejudice that trans people already face daily.”

There is an implication that maybe his comedy actually led to suicide because his rhetoric is so bad.

Wow, that’s terrible. 

Okay, logically, there are a lot of issues here, but I’m going to start by looking at what Dave Chappelle actually says about this topic. 

“When “Sticks and Stones” came out, a lot of people in the trans people community were furious with me, and apparently they dragged me on Twitter. I don’t give a [expletive] because Twitter’s not a real place. And the hardest thing for a person to do is to go against their tribe if they disagree with their tribe, but Daphne Dorman did that for me. She wrote a tweet that was very beautiful, and what she said was, and it is almost exactly what she said, “Punching down on someone requires you to think less of them, and I know him and he doesn’t punch up, he doesn’t punch down, he punches lines, and he is a master at his craft.” That’s what she said. Beautiful tweet, beautiful friend. It took a lot of heart to defend me like that.

When she did that, the trans community dragged that [expletive] all over Twitter for days. They were going in on her. She was holding her own because she’s funny, but six days after that wonderful night I described to you, my friend Dey killed herself. Oh yeah, this is a true story. My heart was broken. It wasn’t the jokes. I don’t know if it was them dragging her, or I don’t know what was going on in her life, but I bet dragging her didn’t help. I was very angry at them.”

Chappelle’s implying that the trans community’s argumentative rhetoric—attacking Chappelle and then attacking Dorman because she was defending Chappelle—may be what led to her suicide. He’s got some evidence. It’s not clear evidence, but there was something going on, and it wasn’t Chappelle’s rhetoric hurting her. It was her trying to defend Chappelle and standing in the way of the aggressive rhetoric of the trans community. That seemed to be what was going on wrong at the time, that seems actually to have more substance to it than what Aja is saying. Aja is saying that there was some rhetoric that maybe made things worse for her. The evidence is not that. The evidence is the other way around: that the rhetoric from the trans people is what was causing the problem. So Aja is just ignoring an important point that is actually made in this transcript.

So again I ask, have you actually read this or seen the show? Do you actually know what Chappelle is saying? If so, are you consciously ignoring his points, or are you forgetting them, or did you actually not know that he said these things? Either way, there’s something not quite right here.

Okay, now let’s keep going.. There are some accurate facts about how transphobic people have problems. They are vulnerable—not transphobic people, but trans people are vulnerable. 

“This is what Chappelle’s critics mean when they discuss the real-world impact of Chappelle’s transphobia.”

We have a whole series of things. Trans people are vulnerable, but how does Chappelle’s transphobia make that worse? It’s not clarified. Exactly what’s meant by his transphobia isn’t clarified either.

“His comedy, which involves continually insisting that gender is always tied to biology, isn’t just reactionary semantics; it’s dangerous rhetoric that’s been shown in study after study to directly impact the levels of trans violence and societal prejudice that trans people already face daily.”

 So, he insists against science that gender is always tied to biology. But he doesn’t insist that gender is always tied to biology; he says that gender is to some extent tied to biology. Now, there is a difference between a born woman (cisgender woman) and a transgender woman. The way he points that out is through sports. He says, “Is it fair that someone like Caitlyn Jenner, who used to be Bruce Jenner, was voted Woman of the Year after being a woman for only one year?” He then questions, “Does this count?” and wonders if we would get angry if someone like Eminem were named “Black Man of the Year.”

He says, “Gender is a fact. Every human being in this room, every human being on Earth, had to pass through the legs of a woman to be on Earth. That’s a fact.” Now, I’m not saying that trans women aren’t women. I’m just saying that those who grew up biologically male have differences, like not being able to give birth or having different hormone levels.

So, he’s pointing out that there’s a difference. Transgender women can’t have babies, and they grow up with certain different hormones that give them an advantage in sports. Are they really women? I don’t know, but it’s unfair to put them in women’s sports competitions. There should be a distinction in that case. In some areas, distinctions are necessary.

He’s not saying that gender is always tied to biology; he’s saying that there is some difference. So is there something anti-science here? Would scientists say that Caitlyn Jenner didn’t have a period or that there’s no distinction? Think about it—can you claim that anything here is against science?

As I understand it, science shows that there are overlapping bell curves for male and female bodies. Your psychological differences can be more masculine or feminine, and women are generally on one side, men on the other. However, there’s overlap. The extremes are defined, and the overlap shows that biology affects us, but so does something else. There’s a flexible relationship between biology and psychology. The science doesn’t claim there’s no relationship between physical gender and psychological gender; it shows that the relationship is flexible, not exact.

So, it’s also anti-science to say that gender is purely psychological and that there is no difference. There is a difference, but there are also some similarities. The question should be which things are different and which things are the same.

“His comedy involves continually insisting that gender is always tied to biology,” but that’s not accurate. He claims there’s a difference, and if there’s a problem with that, then you’re actually being anti-science because science says there is a difference. There are overlaps, some differences, and some similarities.

“It isn’t just reactionary semantics; it’s dangerous rhetoric that’s been shown in study after study to directly impact the levels of anti-trans violence.” 

But it’s unclear which rhetoric this refers to. When we look at Chappelle’s rhetoric, we don’t see it leading to violence. I clicked on a study that talked about anti-trans violence but didn’t link rhetoric to violence. So, it’s dubious to make the claim that rhetoric creates violence when the study doesn’t support it.

The study mentioned issues like transgender passing and hate crimes in the San Francisco Bay Area, but it didn’t discuss how rhetoric causes violence. The claim that rhetoric is dangerous is not substantiated. If you want to make that point, do it properly.

Some people would like respectful rhetoric that doesn’t disrespect people’s gender choices, similar to what we’ve talked about. But Chappelle doesn’t treat Dorman as though she’s a comedian first and a trans woman second. That claim is completely false. Chappelle doesn’t say that all trans people should have the attitude of comedians like Dorman. He simply likes her attitude and connects with her.

Chappelle views comedians as their own tribe. He claims Dorman was part of his tribe, not the trans community. He says she was a comedian in her soul, and he felt connected to her. That’s all. He likes her style, but he doesn’t say everyone should behave like that.

“Chappelle isn’t just talking about comedy as a medium—he’s talking about comedy as a worldview. Comedy is a subculture with its own rules. One rule is that comedians should always be able to take a joke. Historically, this principle has led to the privileging of the comedian’s right to make rude or offensive jokes. The logic is that if a comedian can take a joke, the audience should be less sensitive. Some recent cultural conversations about comedy and free speech center on the idea that comedians should be able to discomfort their audiences, whether for laughs or for thought. If you can’t handle a joke, that’s your problem, not the joke maker’s.”

“Dorman was great at taking offensive jokes. When an audience member interrupted one of her shows with a transphobic question, she shot back with a joke about her own anatomy. Chappelle admires this kind of response, not anger or protest. He likes humor as deflection. But he doesn’t say everyone should behave that way.”

Chappelle doesn’t demand that all trans people be able to take a joke without getting offended. He simply likes it when people can handle jokes with humor, not anger. His point is that when you’re confronted with transphobia, a deflection with good humor works better than anger or protest.

Chappelle doesn’t say all trans people should be like Dorman. He likes Dorman’s style. His view is that comedy is a worldview, not a set of demands. It’s about how comedians connect with others. It’s not about requiring everyone to follow the same approach. If you want a respectful relationship with someone, you have to treat them respectfully. Arguing, shouting, and canceling people is disrespectful and won’t build a respectful relationship.

“This rule applies best in the comedy world, but not in the lived experiences of everyday people. Chappelle seems to expect all trans people to accept the rules of his comedy subculture. This request is baffling because most people aren’t comedians and aren’t accustomed to jokes meant to hurt them.”

“Chappelle’s idea that trans people should prove they can take a joke before earning respect is problematic. It’s akin to a journalist demanding trans people prove they can use AP style before they can discuss their own gender identity.”

While the example is a bit unusual, it highlights a point: the demand to conform to someone else’s standards before gaining respect is problematic. Respect should be given freely and without demands. If we want respect, we need to learn to give it.

So, I’m claiming he never said anything like this. Let’s read a little bit.

“she stunk when she was doing comedy. The crowd was happy to see me, I was killing it, but what impressed me was that any other comedian I’ve ever seen, if they had bombed as badly as she did, would have snuck out the back of the theater and gone home to cry or something. But she didn’t do that. Not only did she not leave, she found a seat right up front. And you know, when a new comedian watches an experienced comedian in comedy, we call this “taking class.” And this B—she took my whole class. She sat there and was laughing as hard as she always laughs, as if nothing bad had happened to her. And I saw her show, something bad had happened to her. She was drunk, so she starts talking to me while I’m on stage, but the way a person would talk to a television when they were alone, she was talking to me like that. That didn’t bother me because I knew her, but the crowd didn’t like that at all because she sucked. And the guy in the back of the room stood up, and D’s hair was dyed blonde at the time, and the guy screamed out. His energy felt wild as [ __ ] and he said, “Hey Daphne.” Everybody got tense. We didn’t know who was a heckler or an active shooter. He said, “Does the carpet match the drapes?” It was [ __ ] up. The whole crowd groaned because it was so mean, everyone groaned except for D, who kind of laughed, which was weird. She didn’t even look all the way back; she said, “Sir, I don’t have carpets, I have hardwood floors.” Just like that, man. When she said that [ __ ] it blew the roof off the place. It cut through all the tension with that one joke she’d made up after 45 minutes of a stinker of a show. After that, she could do no wrong. I kept on rocking, and she kept on talking to me, and the show became something cooler. It became a conversation between a black man and a white trans woman. We started getting to the bottom of all those questions that you think you’d be afraid to ask. I was just asking them, and she was answering them. And her answers were funny as [ __ ]. The crowd was falling out of their chairs. At the end of the show, I said, “Well, D,” I said, “Well, that was fun.” I go, “I love you to death, but I have no [ __ ] idea what you’re talking about.” The whole crowd laughed except for D. She looked at me like I’m not her friend anymore, like I’m something bigger than me, like I’m the whole world in a guy. She said, “I don’t need you to understand me.” I said, “What?” She said, “I just need you to believe.” Just like that. She goes, “I’m having a human experience.” And when she said it, the whole crowd gasped. I gave the “Fight Club” look and said, “I believe you, B.” Because she didn’t say anything about pronouns. She didn’t say anything about me being in trouble. She just said, “Believe I’m a person, and I’m going through it.” I said, “I believe you because it takes one to know one.” So, there was compassion there, okay? I told the crowd, “Goodnight,” and they started going crazy. Before the applause got too loud, Gendo said, “Don’t forget my opening act, Daphne.” The crowd stood up. I looked at her, tears came out of her eyes, and she couldn’t believe it was happening. I couldn’t believe it was happening because her show stunk, but it was a great night. I remember the late great Paul Mooney was there, a bunch of famous comics were there.” 

So, so far, there’s no comment that everybody should be like Daphne, no. 

“We all went backstage, drinking, talking, laughing, and B stole the room. She had everyone cracking up, spinning the arm, telling us crazy stories about [ __ ] she’d been into, ……….. Oh my God, I said, “Oh my God, she’s funny.” I pulled her aside and said, “You’re hilarious. I didn’t know that when you were on stage you were doing something wrong, but I can help you.” I said, “Anytime I’m in San Francisco, why don’t you open the show for me, and I’ll just try and give you some pointers and see if you can work this thing out.” She said, “Are you serious?” I said, “Yeah.” And she grabbed me real tight, H me, squeezed me, and I pushed her off violently because I’m transphobic. I said, “Boundaries bitch”

okay, cool. “Sticks and Stones came out” We read this before. “Trans—she was dragged by the trans community over Twitter.” She was, and then she kills herself. And then he says, “I was angry with her. I felt like D and E lied to me. She always said she identified as a woman, and she jumps and kills herself. Clearly only a man would do some gangster [ __ ] like that.”

Okay, we’ve done this one before. “Hear me out, as hard as it is to hear a joke like that, I’m telling you right now, D would have L’d that joke. That’s why she was my friend”, okay? Cool. This is the bit where he’s saying that everybody should be like Daphne. I don’t hear it.

Then he talks about how he found out she has a daughter and he started a trust fund for the daughter, and “I don’t know what the trans community did for her, but I don’t care because I feel like she wasn’t their tribe, she was mine. She was a comedian in her soul. The daughter is very young. I hope to be alive when she turns 21 because I’m going to give her this money myself, and by then, I’ll be ready to have the conversation that I’m not ready to have today. But I’ll tell that little girl, ‘Young lady, I knew your father, and he was a wonderful woman.’ “ Another case of misgendering, but necessary in context. He says “empathy is not gay, empathy is not black, empathy is bisexual. It must go both ways. It must, must go both ways.”

Then a couple of things at the end about Dababy and Kevin Hart, which I don’t even know the context of and I don’t care because they’re not relevant to what we’re talking about today.

He doesn’t say, in order to get respect, you have to behave like Daphne. It’s not there, okay?

Next: 

“There’s another rule that comedy holds just as dear—the one about never punching down. Punching down refers to humor that targets vulnerable groups of people who don’t hold much power in society. It exists in opposition to the kind of punch up that aims to critique people and institutions with power. On stage, punching down is generally considered a huge no—the kind of thing that can immediately alienate an audience if you’re not doing it to make a deeper point. Chappelle talks about this concept in “The Closer,” asking the larger LGBTQIA community not to punch down on his people using Kevin Hart and DaBaby as examples. “

He talks about how other people keep claiming that he punches down on people, but he doesn’t think it’s true. He thinks it’s taken out of context, and it’s one line that somebody came up with at one stage earlier in his career when he was actually being a lot more disrespectful in his use of language, not understanding the right ways to say things. He admits that. But then he’s saying people keep saying he’s punching down on people, but it’s not true. Have they actually heard what he’s saying?

So he claims that he’s not punching down.

“Chappelle’s deeper point seems to return again and again to the idea that trans people are too sensitive, and that this sensitivity is somehow bolstered by white fragility. He seems to feel that his prioritization of the pain of Black communities over those of trans communities—as if again, they are entirely separate—justifies an evening devoted to homophobic and transphobic jokes.”

Okay, you’re claiming that he’s punching down because he’s making jokes about…he’s making homophobic and transphobic jokes, but he’s not making homophobic and transphobic jokes. This is a claim that is not justified. He’s making jokes about his experiences with homosexual people and transsexual people, about the relationship difficulty he has with them. He’s not saying terrible things about them, ever.

And then 

“Chappelle, of all people, should know better. He’s hyper-aware as a comedian who frequently uses humor to make points about racial and social justice that comedy impacts the real world. In fact, in 2005, he completely killed his own hit comedy show, “The Chappelle Show,” because of one joke that made him realize, according to an interview at the time, that rather than critiquing racist comedy, he might be reinforcing racist stereotypes of a white audience who were enjoying the joke ironically. So he knows that you have to be sensitive with the jokes you use.”

Apparently, he’s using jokes that are insensitive. It’s not clear which jokes they are, because most of your claims above about what has been said are actually false. So we can’t really understand which jokes are problematic or why they are.

“At the very least, then, Chappelle should know that there’s a possibility his jokes about trans people could be taken the wrong way and used to hurt trans people. There’s even an echo of the 2005 moment in the new special when Chappelle has to stop and gently reprimand an audience member who starts to applaud a transphobic law, as Vulture’s Craig J. Jenkins puts it, “You talk enough, you’ll draw [Music].” Yes, so clearly Chappelle is actually trying to be positive with the trans people and not support transphobic laws, and not allow his audience to support him. He should recognize his possibility for harm.”

Okay, yes, so compassionately what’s going on here? There’s a request to be more sensitive in the jokes—not make hurtful jokes about trans people. And this, I guess, is a fair request. It’s just that it’s not clear exactly what would be okay and what would not be okay, and how one could navigate this territory. As most of the actual detailed critique is not correct, we can’t really understand exactly what it would take to do inoffensive comedy about the topic. Perhaps the idea is that he should not talk about trans people at all, but that would be very much against the other side’s needs for open speech, freedom of speech, and being able to deal with social issues and raise them.

“Rather than acknowledging the possibility and its potential for harm, Chappelle not only justifies his comedy using white privilege, which is inaccurate, but he also goes a step further. He suggests that being hurt is good for trans and non-binary people. When he says, “As hard as it is to hear a joke like that,” and then defends it, he’s telling the audience that he knows the joke is painful, hurtful, and transphobic, but that it’s somehow productive for trans people to be confronted by it. This is as though trans people aren’t already confronted with gender policing in every other moment of their lives.”

So, is this joke painful, hurtful, and transphobic? And does he admit that it’s painful? Well, I’m going to try and answer that, even though I already have my own answer.

He says, “Only a man would do some gangster [__] like that. Hear me out, as hard as it is to hear a joke like that, I’m telling you right now, D would have loved that joke.”

Is it painful? Yes, because it talks about death in a sensitive context. Is it hurtful? I don’t think so. Chappelle isn’t claiming that only a man would behave that way; he’s asking a question. It seems to him that only men would act like that, but he’s not presenting it as an absolute truth. So, is it hurtful? I don’t believe it is. If someone wants to explain why it’s hurtful, then maybe we can continue the discussion in a deeper, more compassionate way.

Is it transphobic? No, it’s about trans issues. He’s admitting that it’s painful but not that it’s hurtful or transphobic. If someone wants to argue further, I’m happy to discuss it. We could look at the issue in more depth and try to resolve it.

Regarding the idea that it’s somehow productive for trans people to be confronted by this joke, no, he’s not claiming that. That’s your interpretation. When people are upset, they often read more into what’s being said than what is actually said.

As for Chappelle’s point about trans people being confronted with transphobia on stage, he’s talking about the discomfort people feel around trans people, not promoting transphobia. He’s not saying that it’s okay to objectify or degrade transgender people, but rather addressing the issue of discomfort around them.

Chappelle’s idea that trans people can be good-humored about others’ continual objectification and degrading of their identity is not about tolerating disrespect. It’s about having a respectful conversation where both sides treat each other with respect, stay good-humored, and don’t objectify or degrade each other.

I didn’t find exactly what Chappelle said, and I’m not giving a perfect defense of it because I’m tired. But let’s get to the end of this article, and we can revisit the discussion in more depth later.

“This isn’t about equality. Chappelle, who has spent his career commenting on racism and injustice through humor, should know that trans people shouldn’t just have to “live with it” or “get over it” when faced with dehumanizing rhetoric. The man who speaks about the fear Black Americans experience daily should understand that telling trans people to accept and embrace transphobic rhetoric isn’t tolerance or the love and good humor he’s known for.”

The critique of Chappelle is claiming things that aren’t true and missing key points. What’s needed is a more respectful discussion on both sides, so we can really address the needs and issues. We should be able to engage with Chappelle’s questions in a respectful way, and if we want him to speak more respectfully, we can express that to him. But as it stands, the critique is inaccurate. The only things that are true are minor mistakes that really aren’t worth getting upset about.

Chappelle is just trying to make a point, and some people find it offensive. If we can clarify why it’s offensive and figure out what would make his rhetoric more respectful, that would be helpful. I’ll follow up with more discussion about how we can create the respect for trans people that’s being asked for. If you disagree, I invite you to join me in an interview, and we can have a serious conversation about this.

Understanding Conflict and Comedy: A Reflection on Dave Chappelle and Trans Rights

Introduction

Discussing trans rights and Dave Chappelle’s controversial opinions is not a topic I approach lightly. The conversation surrounding it is emotionally charged, and when emotions rise, intelligent discourse often falters. Yet, as someone who facilitates conflict resolution, I feel compelled to examine this complex issue with the hope of finding common ground and fostering understanding.

Why This Conversation Is Difficult

The public discourse around Chappelle and trans rights has become harsh and divisive. People on all sides feel attacked, which exacerbates misunderstandings. Conflict, at its core, is often a result of insufficient understanding. If we can achieve deeper insight into the perspectives and needs of everyone involved, resolution becomes possible. This is the foundation of effective mediation.

Reading and Listening on Three Levels

When engaging with any contentious topic, there are three ways to approach reading and listening. Each serves a unique purpose:

  1. Emotional Listening: This is the way we read fiction or enjoy a story. We let ourselves be swept up in the emotion without critical analysis. It’s immersive and enjoyable but not suitable for evaluating arguments or determining truth.
  2. Logical Listening: This approach requires critical thinking. We ask, Is this true? Does it align with known facts? It’s an active, analytical process that helps us form our beliefs and refine our worldview.
  3. Compassionate Listening: Here, we focus on understanding people’s needs. Often, people struggle to articulate what they truly need, so we must interpret their words and actions with empathy. This type of listening is essential for resolving conflicts.

Applying the Three Levels to Chappelle’s Controversy

Let’s use these listening frameworks to examine Aja Romano’s article, What Dave Chappelle Gets Wrong About Trans People in Comedy. The examples we cover here are just the beginning—more detailed examples will follow in the next section.

1. Emotional Level

At first glance, the article paints a dramatic picture of a fight against trans people, protests, and controversy. Emotionally, this captures attention and evokes strong feelings of support or outrage. It’s engaging, but emotional reading alone doesn’t allow us to critically evaluate the claims.

2. Logical Level

The article begins by stating that Chappelle has “waged a fight against trans people.” This is a bold claim. Chappelle himself denies it, arguing that if people believe this, they haven’t truly listened to his words. Without clear evidence to substantiate this assertion, the logic of the argument falters. Assuming an unproven premise as truth undermines the foundation of the article’s reasoning.

Further, the article suggests that Chappelle uses the memory of Daphne Dorman, a trans comedian and friend, as a “totem” for the kind of relationship he desires with the trans community. This interpretation is subjective. While it may resonate with some readers, others, like myself, may interpret Chappelle’s words differently. Logical listening requires us to question whether this interpretation reflects Chappelle’s intent.

3. Compassionate Level

Compassionate listening reveals important needs on both sides. Trans advocates feel under attack and seek safety and dignity. Chappelle, as an artist, values freedom of expression and resists censorship that stifles creativity. To resolve this conflict, we must address both the need for respectful representation and the need for artistic freedom.

The Deeper Question of Artistic Freedom

One of the core issues in this debate is whether we should critique comedians and other artists based on moral judgments of their work. There’s a tension between the desire for respectful discourse and the creative process, which often draws from unconscious, raw, and controversial ideas. Creativity flourishes in environments where people feel free to express themselves without fear of punishment.

Imagine a student asked to write a story, only to be reprimanded for expressing the “wrong” ideas. Next time, that student will prioritize pleasing authority over authentic creativity, stifling their imagination. Similarly, if we demand that all art align with specific moral standards, we risk suppressing valuable, thought-provoking work.

Chappelle’s comedy grapples with this very issue. He defends the right to artistic expression, even when it discomforts some audiences. Balancing this right with the need for respect is challenging but necessary.

Moving Toward Resolution

True conflict resolution requires addressing the needs of all parties. Simply declaring one side right and the other wrong will not bring lasting peace. Instead, we must:

  • Acknowledge the feelings of those who feel marginalized or attacked.
  • Recognize the value of artistic freedom and the role of provocative art in society.
  • Encourage thoughtful, empathetic dialogue that seeks common ground.

Conclusion

The debate over Dave Chappelle and trans rights is more than a matter of right and wrong—it’s a question of how we balance competing needs in a pluralistic society. By reading, listening, and thinking on multiple levels, we can move beyond emotional reactions and build deeper understanding. Only then can we work together to create a world where both safety and freedom of expression coexist.  Read on in the next article if you would like a detailed analysis.  Warning – it may be quite long.

Gaia Thrive Collaborative Business Community

Gaia Thrive is a project to support the transformation of the world of business from one of competition and stress to one of cooperation and presence. We can and should make business as peaceful and loving as the rest of our lives. In fact most of us spend so much time in business and work that it is perhaps the most important part of life to be transformed.

Business can be done in a way based on finding our flow, and each of us contributing in our best way, and supporting each other so that together we go further and are stronger than separately. This requires a shift in attitude towards being rather than doing, but is no less effective than stressful doing based business. In fact in many cases more effective. It also requires a shift in structures from individual wealth and control based companies to collective wealth and control based cooperatives and democratic businesses. (note you can still become wealthy – if that is your goal)

We invest in businesses that are ready to grow into cooperative businesses with money and time. This allows us to focus on startups and enterprises that are exciting but still quite small.

you can invest in us in the ethical investment of building community ventures, and you can support through your time, and build yourself a career as our partner, and you can bring your projects for us to build together. Let us flourish as one.

Working with Spiritual Energy Fields

A course in practical spirituality based on understanding and sensing the infinite universal energy field and how it interacts with individual human and other energy fields.

Spiritual energy fields surround everything that we do and everything that we interact with. When we understand their influence, and can work with them it allows us to create gentle, but effective responses to the challenges of the world, to fill our lives and the lives of people around us with love, peace, health, abundance and wellbeing, to heal, to fix problems, and to deal with the challenges facing the world. Whatever it is that you would like to deal with – understanding these energy fields will enable you to do it in a better and deeper way.

This course is based on a series of related and connected classes in different subjects and approaches to the spiritual energy fields. Each one gives you a piece of wisdom, and an approach that can help in your life in different ways.

Classes include:
– Taichi, Aikido and the spiritual martial arts
– Qi, Prana and healing with energy fields
– Consciousness in Business and Leadership
– Social Transformation, unity, community and cooperation
– Culture, music and Dance
– Spiritual Traditions of the world, spiritual awakening, and spiritual ministry

Gregorian Chant Revival

The Church has lost a lot of people’s interest, and for a while it seemed that people were turning away from spirituality altogether, but now there is a rise in a passionate interest in authentic deep spiritual practice thought most people turn to the east for inspiration. But among those who have turned away from the church there remains a love for the ancient gregorian chant. Few can deny its beauty and depth. There is the opportunity and the call for a Gregorian Chant Revival – to show those who have become disillusioned with the church that the depth and mystery of spiritual practice that they are looking for do not have to be found on the other side of the world, that our own tradition has it too. To give people a taste of the deep peace that can be found in the traditional catholic spiritual practices – that the west also knows about mantra and sacred language. To those people interested in esoteric wisdom the traditional latin chants of the catholic church combined with the esoteric understandings that imbue christianity can become a powerful allure.

I wish to revive Gregorian Chant – to bring it back to the churches, and back to the people – to show people the power that is infused in them, and the love and peace. This can be done through performances with specific Chants, or with simpler liturgies – The Divinum Officium, or the officium parvum beatae mariae virginis for example, and we can in time begin to put on the complete mass in Gregorian Chant. This is an opportunity for any church that wants to be part of the new wave of spiritual interest that is spreading over the world, and to become again a leader in spiritual development.

For those interested in thinking even more boldly – how about a training course in esoteric wisdom that combines some of the topics deeply interesting to people at the moment – spiritual martial arts, and healing methods, practical spirituality applied to building community and relationships and a more spiritual world, with Gregorian Chant and christian practice. This is something that would transform people, transform the towns in which they take place and truly make a difference in the world.

I am looking for support and partners in the Gregorian Chant Revival – who wants to learn to chant? what churches would like to host gregorian chant services? Who would be interested in taking this in exciting directions?

Clube de Comunicação em Português

O Clube de Comunicação em Português é um projeto destinado a ajudar imigrantes em Portugal a aprender português de uma forma divertida e comunicativa, enquanto se envolvem na cultura, nas tradições e na sociedade ao mesmo tempo. Oferecemos aulas de língua baseadas na compreensão de músicas e histórias, além de atividades de comunicação (não focadas no aprendizado de gramática). Isso permite que você adquira o idioma da mesma forma que uma criança e se divirta ao longo do caminho.

Iniciantes – Português através da Cultura e da Música

No curso para iniciantes, aprendemos canções tradicionais portuguesas e, talvez, até algumas danças – uma ótima oportunidade para conhecer um pouco da cultura. Quando se animam, os portugueses são ótimos cantores, e não é só sobre o fado! Prepare-se para rir e aprender, ganhar confiança e desenvolver a habilidade de se fazer entender em português (e ficar à vontade para usar uma gramática imperfeita, desde que consiga transmitir sua mensagem). Você aprenderá formas gramaticais básicas e vocabulário, e ao final do curso será capaz de contar pequenas histórias sobre o que está acontecendo na sua vida.

Intermediário – Construindo Comunidade em Portugal

No nível intermediário, os alunos são capazes de se envolver em conceitos e questões mais complexas, por isso estudamos artigos relacionados à construção de comunidade e à sociedade em Portugal. Quais são as questões sociais ao nosso redor? Como podemos nos engajar mais com as pessoas e a sociedade, e o que é necessário para cercar-se de uma bela comunidade aqui em Portugal? Você aprenderá gramática e vocabulário mais avançados, mas o foco não será a gramática e sim a discussão. Esteja preparado para expressar sua própria opinião sobre os temas abordados na aula.

Avançado – Português em Acção

Quando chegamos ao nível avançado, os alunos já possuem competência na comunicação, sendo capazes de transmitir suas ideias e compreender os outros com facilidade. Em vez de continuar desenvolvendo o idioma por meio de livros ou estudos tradicionais, assumimos um projeto que utiliza as habilidades de comunicação dos alunos, permitindo que eles desenvolvam e ajustem suas competências linguísticas por meio da aplicação prática do português.

Cada turma pode decidir qual projeto deseja realizar. Pode ser teatro, escrever um livro em conjunto ou abordar uma questão social. Os professores tornam-se facilitadores e assistentes, ajudando na realização do projeto e nas dificuldades linguísticas que possam surgir. Por exemplo, ao escrever uma carta sobre uma questão social, pode ser necessário ajustar o texto para que soe profissional. Nesse processo de revisão e melhorias, muito aprendizado acontece.

Ao final do curso avançado, você terá desenvolvido bastante confiança para usar o português na vida cotidiana, além de refinar sua habilidade de se expressar corretamente e com eficácia sobre questões complexas.

Base Filosófica

O design do Clube de Conversação em Português é fortemente baseado nos princípios da Economia Comunitária da Teoria da Utilização Progressiva, no Desenvolvimento Comunitário Participativo e nos estudos mais recentes sobre Aquisição de Línguas. Ele é inspirado em iniciativas educacionais socialmente engajadas, como o projeto “This is not an Ulpan” em Israel, o trabalho de Paulo Freire e o Teatro do Oprimido de Augusto Boal.

O clube adota uma abordagem inclusiva e flexível, com espaço para ideias e melhorias de outras pessoas, desde que estejam alinhadas à meta maior de criar unidade, harmonia e comunidade. Essa estrutura permite que o aprendizado do idioma vá além da comunicação, tornando-se também um meio de empoderamento, colaboração e transformação social.

Participe

O Clube de Conversação em Português é um espaço aberto e inclusivo, onde todos podem contribuir para construir uma comunidade vibrante e acolhedora. Existem várias maneiras de se envolver:

  • Como Aluno: Aprenda português de forma divertida e prática, enquanto se conecta com a cultura e as pessoas de Portugal.
  • Como Facilitador: Traga suas habilidades, ideias e energia para apoiar aulas, projetos e atividades comunitárias.
  • Como Parceiro: Colabore com o clube oferecendo recursos, ideias ou ajudando a organizar eventos que promovam integração e aprendizado.
  • Como Voluntário: Ajude na logística, organização ou no planejamento de atividades, contribuindo para o crescimento do clube.

Junte-se a nós e torne-se parte dessa jornada de aprendizado, união e transformação comunitária!

Portuguese Communication Club

The Portuguese Communication Club is a project to help immigrants in portugal to learn portuguese in a fun communicative way, and to engage in the culture and tradition and society at the same time. We teach language classes that are based on understanding songs and stories and communicating ourselves (not on learning grammar) This enables you to acquire the language in the same way a child does and have fun on the way

Beginners – Portuguese through Culture and song

In the beginners course we learn traditional portuguese songs and we might even learn some dances – get to know something about the culture. When you get them going the portuguese are great singers, and it is not just fado. Expect to laugh and learn, develop confidence and the ability to make yourself understood in portuguese (and to get comfortable using bad grammar as long as it gets the point across) you will learn basic grammatical forms and vocabulary and by the end of it be able to tell short stories about what is going on in your life

Intermediate – Community building in portugal

At the intermediate level students are able to engage in more complicated concepts and issues so we study articles related to community building and society in Portugal. What are the social issues around us? How can we engage more with the people and society and what does it take to surround yourself with a beautiful community here in Portugal? You will learn more advanced grammar and vocabulary, but the focus will not be the grammar it will be the discussion be prepared to have your own opinion on the topics shared in the class.

Advanced – Portuguese in action.

Once we get to advanced level students have a competency in communication, and are able to get their point across, and also to undertsand others quite well. Rather than working on developing the language through more book learning or studying we take on a project that will use students communication skills, and allow them to develop and fine tune their language skills through practical application of the language. Each class can decide for themselves what project they are going to take on. They might choose to do theatre, or to write a book together, or to tackle a social issue. The teachers become facilitators and assistants to help take on this project and to help when language issues come up. For example in writing a letter on a social issue it might be that some editing is needed to make it sound professional, so in working through the editing and improvements a lot of learning takes place. At the end of the advanced course you can expect to have developed a lot of confidence in using portuguese in daily life, and fine tuning the portuguese usage so that you are confident to express correctly and effectively regarding complicated issues.

Philosophical Background

The design of the Portuguese Conversation Club is heavily based in the Community Economics of the Progress Utilisation Theory, Participatory Community Development, and the latest studies in Language Acquisition. Inspired by other socially active education such as “This is not an Ulpan” in israel, and the work of paulo freire, and the liberation theatre of Augusto Boal. It has a lot of room in it for other people’s ideas and improvements as long as it is always in the direction of creating unity, harmony and community.

Get Involved

Help us develop educational material, become a teacher or an assistant, or host a class yourself. We are interested in proposals, partnerships and suggestions.

Projeto Harmonia

Project Harmony

Music can be a tool for community transformation, and I would like to use music to build community, connection and wellbeing in portugal. I do this with solo and group performances that are imbued with the spirit of uplifting joyous connection, and also have a message that can help people take one step towards a more connected society.

Strengthening Tradition

A large part of the strength of a community depends on the health of its traditions. By reviving traditions (not in a cold preserved way on the stage, but in a living way where the people celebrate together as one) we can strengthen the bonds between people, the pride of belonging, and the self knowledge of the people. We can sing and we can dance and we can share the joy. This can set the stage for many more opportunities for building community and positive projects. It is also deeply imbued with the other elements of deep wisdom and spirituality despite it often seeming secular on the surface.

The Cooperative Society

A large part of my vision for a vibrant community comes from my study of Progressive socialism, cooperatives and participatory community development. I would like to bring songs and stories and shows that highlight and educate on the important elements of such a society and how we get there. It would help people to understand that there is a way forward, and what that way is, and how they can be involved.

Spirituality

Spirituality is imbued in every note and ever song and every show, but it can also sometimes be more overt. It is wonderful to bring light to the authentic deep spiritual traditions that surround us. Especially the local traditions that people often turn away from for lack of a deep understanding, and transformative experience, but also the traditions of the world. We can celebrate together, in a deep spiritual way.

Highlighting Projects, Issues and Opportunities

Music has the possibility of touching many people, and opening their hearts and the minds to new directions. Sometimes music by itself is enough, but often it is only the beginning and should lead to classes, workshops, projects, businesses, charitable fundraising – wherever the need and interest lies. Each show, each performance is a way of touching people and bringing them one step towards unity, and should be combined with ways to support people more. We can promote many good ventures, and we can create our own new ventures from the shows and performances.

Clothing and design

In time i see the musical program becoming more and more linked to other projects especially including the clothing design project – beautiful clothing is a simple way that people can take the joy that they feel in the performance or celebration and bring it into their lives. Clothing design is another whole field and project however, and I will devote another post to it.

Opportunities

Projeto Harmonia needs musicians and other performers, songwriters, organisers, promoters. If this project speaks to your heart then it would be great if you can get involved.

Resonance

Resonance is the key to all challenges in life.

When in resonance things transform, when out of resonance they resist.  Are you resonating with your challenges?

Resonance includes:

Flow – in resonance with oneself

Harmony – in resonance with the world around

Connection – in resonance with the cosmic energy

Simple and Deep

It is a simple principle and a lifetimes study to learn to resonate with all of life

Every personal problem, every relationship problem, every environmental, political and social problem can be resolved simply through resonance – and I would go so far as to say cannot be resolved in any other way

Everything you do in your life creates some kind of resonance, it is an unavoidable aspect of our lives.

Are you aware of your resonance?

Environment and Society

When you ask people what they dream of in an ideal world, it is always very similar – community, connection, beautiful gardens, abundance and sharing etc. and yet we are surrounded by such a plethora of conflicts that seem so difficult to resolve. Why is that? How can it be that we agree so much on the big things, but when it comes to the little things there is so much conflict? The truth is that in our deepest desires there is little conflict. We dream of positive things that synergise, but when we refuse to believe in our dreams and try to do smaller, seemingly more practical things we lose track of that beauty and the ideas are no longer universally agreed.

If we are to transform society effectively and solve our problems as a global community we need to use the same principles as with relationships – presence, and synergy – find directions that create enthusiastic agreement. This is possible and in fact much easier than many people think, but it requires some personal growth and some understanding of the forces at play.

This is often simplified to 2 forces – the conservative force of the conventional system and the progressive force of the movement for change, and in some cases that is enough to get a general understanding, but in many cases it helps to look a bit deeper and see the four corners of the political map – four psychological approaches to life and how they each have their important part to say. I will include some more in depth exploration of the 4 elements and 4 psychological types as it applies to society.

When dealing with 2 forces the synergy always involves some kind of combination of the 2 directions – in order to create a third direction that can be agreed upon by all – for example there are many conflicts between money and economy and jobs vs environment, and preservation of beauty. The resolution always involves some kind of community, environmentally conscious business – generally a cooperative that provides for both needs at the same time.

When dealing with the complete 4 forces the resolution is always a cycle – or a spiral we keep moving between one approach to another depending on the needs of the day.

Either way there is the need for those who can step outside of the conflict, stand in the middle and facilitate a better solution. This is the big challenge in social transformation, large or small – to have the presence and inner peace, and wisdom to be able to stand in the middle and help all people come together in an ideal solution.

This is why personal development is essential for change agents, and practicing and becoming effective in all the other areas of life will make you also effective in change making, so change makers should study personal spiritual growth, relationship development, business leadership, and community building in order to be able to bring all the pieces into play.